The Lancet series on indigenous health discussed the integration of western and traditional health; it identifies the importance of its integration for betterment. Furthermore, the international forum for indigenous people also acknowledges that without the indigenous peoples’ knowledge, the modern world might not be able to understand the full value of the ecosystem for health and medicine. There is a need for studies and documentation towards conservation of time tested knowledge, beliefs and practices related to traditional healthcare system. The traditional healthcare beliefs and practices of tribals are different from the modern scientific worldview and emerge from their living in forests rich with medicinal plants. This belief and healing system has a strong influence on the healthcare practices, health-seeking behavior and choices among tribal people. This paper discusses the traditional healthcare practices and socio-cultural beliefs for reproductive healthcare among the Indian tribes. The paper is divided into two sections on the first sections it gives an overview of the ethno-medicinal medicinal practices and socio-cultural beliefs among the tribes in Odisha and Chhattisgarh state in India. The second, section describes the impact of development induced displacement on the traditional medicinal practices.